Development of e-comic media on the material of the human excretory system on the problem-solving ability of grade XI students of SMAN 7 Medan

Abstract

Learning the Human Excretory System material still faces obstacles, including limited variation in learning media and students' difficulty understanding the material's stages and solving problems systematically. This study aims to develop educational e-comic media on the Human Excretory System material to improve the problem-solving abilities of class XI students at SMA Negeri 7 Medan and meet the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This study used a research and development (R&D) method with a 4-D model that includes the Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate stages. The study subjects consisted of 29 class XI-3 students at SMA Negeri 7 Medan. The research instruments included validation sheets from media experts, material experts, and instrument experts, teacher and student response questionnaires, and pre-test and post-test tests based on Polya's problem-solving ability indicators. The results showed that the educational e-comic media had an average validity of 96.71%, placing it in the very valid category. The practicality test showed a teacher response percentage of 96.67% and a student response of 96.44%, both in the very practical category. The effectiveness test showed an increase in the average pre-test score from 42.66 to 90.76 in the post-test, with an N-Gain value of 0.83 in the high category. Thus, the educational e-comic media on the Human Excretory System material was declared valid, practical, and effective for use in Biology learning and improved students' problem-solving abilities. The implications of this study indicate that educational e-comic media can serve as an alternative learning medium to support students' problem-solving abilities and as a reference for teachers and researchers developing digital learning media on other materials.