THE DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN ERICH KÄSTNER’S ‘EMIL AND THE DETECTIVESʼ

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the type of directive speech acts in Erich Kästner’s Emil and the Detectives novel and to describe the function of directive speech acts in Erich Kästner’s Emil and the Detectives novel. Pragmatic identity method was used for data analyzing. The result of this study showed (1) one type of directive speech acts between Emil and Mrs. Tischbein which consisted of 26 data of direct literal speech acts. Two types of directive speech acts between Emil and Gustav which consisted of nine data of direct literal speech acts and an indirect speech act. One type of directive speech act between Emil and Professor which consisted of nine data of direct literal speech acts. And one type of directive speech act between Professor and Gustav was seven data of direct literal speech acts. (2) Five function of directive speech acts between Emil and Mrs. Tischbein were two data of Requestives, seven data of Questions, ten data of Requirements, one data of Prohibitives, and six data of Advisories. Three function of directive speech acts between Emil and Gustav were five data of Questions, two data of Requirements, and three data of Advisories. Two function of directive speech acts between Emil and Professor were seven data of Questions and two data of Advisories. And four function of directive speech acts between Professor and Gustav were one data of Requestives, four data of Questions, three data of Requirements, and one data of Advisories.

Keywords: the directive speech acts, Erich Kästner’s Emil and the Detectives novel.