FOREIGNIZATION AND DOMESTICATION OF CULTURALLY-BOUND EXPRESSIONS IN PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER’S RUMAH KACA AND THEIR TRANSLATED EXPRESSIONS IN MAX LANE’S HOUSE OF GLASS

Abstract

This research aims to describe the types of culturally-bound expressions, the foreignization and domestication strategies to translate the culturally-bound expressions, and the degree of meaning equivalence of the translation of the culturally-bound expressions. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data of this research are the culturally-bound expressions in Rumah Kaca and their translated expressions in House of Glass. The instruments of this research are the researcher and the table of analysis. To achieve trustworthiness of the data, triangulation method is applied. This research reveals three findings. First, there are five types of culturally-bound expressions found in the data; they are ecology, material culture, social culture, social organizations, and gesture and habits. Material culture has the highest frequency with 34.56%, since material culture expressions such as, food, clothes, houses, transportation, etc. are the most common things a culture can create. Second, in terms of foreignization and domestication strategies, there are three foreignization strategies: retention, addition, and direct translation. Meanwhile, there are four domestication strategies: generalization, cultural substitution, paraphrase, and omission. The finding shows that the number of domestication strategies is higher than that of foreignization strategies, it indicates that the translator inclines to bring the ST closer to the TT culture. Third, in terms of meaning equivalence, 85.23% of the culturally-bound expressions found in Rumah Kaca are equivalently translated in House of Glass. It means that the translator successfully delivers the meaning of the culturally-bound expressions into the TT

Keywords: foreignization, domestication, culturally-bound expressions, Rumah Kaca, House of Glass