THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN IWAN SETYAWAN’S 9 SUMMERS 10 AUTUMNS

Abstract

This research aims to describe the types of figurative language found in Setyawan’s 9 Summers 10 Autumns, the translation techniques applied by the translator and the degree of equivalence in terms of meaning and style. The research employed qualitative research. The data were taken from the figurative language and its translation found in 9 Summers 10 Autumns. There are two main instruments of the research, namely the researcher and the data sheet. The findings show 258 data appearing. The types of figurative language consist of simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, metonymy and synecdoche. The most dominant type is metaphor. It shows that assumption towards something which can give clear image to the situation. In order to translate those types, there are 12, including 4 mixed translation techniques. They are borrowing, compensation, compression, explicitation, generalization, literal translation, modulation, transposition, literal translation and modulation, literal translation and transposition, compensation and modulation, and explicitation and modulation.  Literal translation is the most dominant technique used because it perceives the meaning and style of figurative language. Although the dominant technique applied is literal translation, the degree of equivalence provides partly equivalent as the dominant result of the translation of the figurative language. It is caused by the change of tendency in the figurative language and the style in the target text is different from the source text.

Kata Kunci
figurative language, translation techniques, equivalence