PERNIKAHAN DINI DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KETAHANAN KELUARGA DI DESA LOANG MAKA, KECAMATAN JANAPRIA, KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH

Abstract

Abstrak

Fenomena pernikahan dini merupakan masalah yang sampai saat ini masih terjadi di Desa Loang Maka, Kec. Janapria, Kab. Lombok Tengah. Disisi lain, regulasi mengenai batas usia minimal pernikahan telah diatur dalam perundang-undangan dan dalam banyak teori dijelaskan pernikahan dini berdampak bagi ketahanan sebuah keluarga. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekplorasi fenomena pernikahan dini dan dampaknya terhadap ketahanan keluarga di Desa Loang Maka, Kec. Janapria, Kab. Lombok Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan desain kualitatif deskriptif. Penentuan subjek dilakukan dalam 2 (dua) tahap. Pada tahap pertama, penentuan subjek penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan menjaring data demografis dengan 18 pasangan menikah dini. Sedangkan, pada tahap kedua penentuan subjek penelitian di perkecil menjadi 10 pasangan menikah dini untuk kepentingan wawancara yang lebih mendalam. Data demografis dikumpulkan dengan metode angket, sedangkan data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model analisis interkatif Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pernikahan dini di Desa Loang Maka, Kec. Janapria, Kab. Lombok Tengah disebabkan karena keinginan sendiri (merasa cocok, menghindari pergaulan bebas, malu dengan teman sebaya, tidak mengetahui regulasi tentang batas usia minimal pernikahan dan resiko menikah dini), kondisi masyakarat (tradisi merariq/kawin lari, pergaulan bebas, putus sekolah/pendidikan yang rendah). Dampak pernikahan dini terhadap ketahanan keluarga di Desa Loang Maka, Kec. Janapria, Kab. Lombok Tengah mengalami masalah dari sisi landasan legalitas dan keutuhan keluarga,  sosial-psikologis, dan ekonomi. Sedangkan secara subjektif, pernikahan dini tidak mengalami masalah terhadap ketahanan fisik, dan sosial-budaya.

Kata Kunci: pernikahan dini, ketahanan keluarga.  

Abstract

Early marriage is a problem which is currently occuring in Loang Maka village, Janapria sub district, Central Lombok regency. On the other hand, the policy regulating the minimum age for marriage has been enacted in laws made by the government. Moreover, there are already various theories explaining its impacts towards family resilience. Therefore, this researched is intended to explore the early marriage phenomena and its impact on family resilience in  Loang Maka village, Janapria sub district, Central Lombok Regency. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive qualitative design. Determination of the subject is carried out in 2 (two) stages. In the first stage, the determination of research subjects was carried out with the aim of capturing demographic data with 18 early married couples. Meanwhile, in the second stage, the determination of the research subject was reduced to 10 early married couples for in-depth interviews. Demographic data were collected using a questionnaire method, while qualitative data were collected through interview and documentation methods. Data analysis used Miles & Huberman's interactive analysis model. Results of the research show that early marriages in Loang Maka village, Janapria sub district, Central Lombok regency occur due to internal factors (such as mutual love, avoiding free sex, peer pressure, lack of awareness towards rules regulating minimum age of marriage and risks of early marriage) and external factors (such as merariq or llegitimate marriage tradition, consequences of free sex, and lack of education). The impact of early marriage on family resilience in Loang Maka Village, Janapria sub district, Central Lombok Regency is problems in the mariages' legal foundations, socio-psychological, and economic aspects. However, no problems with physical and socio-cultural aspects.

Keywords: early marriage, family resilience