PENGARUH JENIS ZAT FIKSASI TERHADAP KETAHANAN LUNTUR WARNA PADA KAIN KATUN, SUTERA DAN SATIN MENGGUNAKAN ZAT WARNA DARI KULIT UBI UNGU (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

Abstract

Penelitian  ini  bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui hasil ketahanan luntur warna terhadap pencucian
dan gosokan pada pewarnaan kain katun, sutera dan satin menggunakan zat pewarna dari kulit ubi ungu
dengan fiksasi tawas, tunjung dan kapur tohor. (2) mengetahui pengaruh jenis fiksator terhadap warna
yang dihasilkan dari ekstraksi kulit ubi ungu. (3) menghasilkan katalog zat warna kulit ubi ungu dengan
berbagai zat fiksator pada kain katun, sutera dan satin. Penelitian ini merupakan true eksperiment dengan
desain eksperimen faktorial 3×3. Populasi kulit ubi ungu jenis Telo Cemoro, sampel 500 gram kulit
diekstrak dengan air 2500 ml. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan pengujian ketahanan luntur warna
dilakukan oleh tim penguji di laboratorium evaluasi tekstil Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta.
Analisis data menggunakan uji kruskall wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) rata-rata ketahanan
luntur warna kulit ubi ungu pada kain katun, sutera dan satin dengan fiksator tawas, tunjung  dan kapur
tohor terhadap pencucian dalam kategor baik, ditinjau dari ketahanan luntur terhadap gosokan dalam
kategori cukup baik.(2) pengaruh jenis fikator tawas terhadap pewarnaan dari ekstraksi kulit ubi ungu
cenderung muda (ungu) , pada fiksator tunjung (ungu) cederung gelap dan fiksator kapur tohor mengarah
pada warna berseberangan dari warna ekstraksi (hijau). (3) hasil katalog pengaruh fiksator tawas Dark
Grayis Orange (Katun), Mostly Desaturated Dark Red (sutera) dan Dark Grayis Orange (satin), fiksator
tunjung menghasilkan warna Very Dark Grayis Orange (katun), Mostly Black Red (sutera) dan Dark
Grayis Orange (satin) dan pengaruh fiksator kapur menghasilkan warna Dark Grayis Orange (katun),
Very Dark Grayis Yellow (sutera) dan Dark Grayis Orange (satin).

Kata Kunci: Ketahanan Luntur Warna, Zat Fiksasi, Jenis Kain, Ubi Ungu.
 
THE EFFECTS OF FIXATION SUBSTANCE TYPES AGAINSTTHE COLOR FASTNESS OF
COTTON, SILK, AND SATIN FABRICS USING THE DYE FROM PURPLE SWEET POTATO
SKINS (Ipomoea Batatas L.)

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to find out: (1) find out the results of color fastness on washing and rubbing in the
coloring of cotton, silk and satin fabric using purple tuber skin coloring with alum fixation, tunjung and
quicklime. (2) knowing the effect of the type of fixator on the color produced from the extraction of purple
sweet potato skin. (3) produce a catalog of purple sweet potato skin dyes with various fixators on cotton,
silk and satin fabrics.This was a true experimental study using a 3 x 3 experimental factorialdesign. The
research population comprised TeloCemoro purple sweet potato skins with a sample of 500 grams of
purple sweet potato skins extracted using 2500 ml of water. The data collection technique was the test of
the color fastness of the dye from purple sweet potato skins, carried out by the testing team in the textile
testing laboratory of Islamic University of Indonesia.The data analysis used the Kruskal-Wallis test.The
studyresults showed. (1) the average purple tuber skin color fastness on cotton, silk and satin fabric with
alum fixator, tunjung and quicklime against washing in good category, in terms of the fastness to rubbing
in a fairly good category. (2 ) The influence of alum type on the coloring of extraction of purple sweet
potato tends to be young (purple), on the tunjung (purple) fixator tends to be dark and the quicklime
fixator leads to the opposite color of the extraction color (green). (3) catalog results of the influence of
alum fixation on Dark Grayis Orange (Cotton), Mostly Desaturated Dark Red (silk) and Dark Grayis
Orange (satin), visiting fixators resulting in Very Dark Grayis Orange (cotton), Mostly Black Red (silk)
and Dark colors Grayis Orange (satin) and the effect of chalk fixator produce the colors of Dark Gray
Orange (cotton), Very Dark Grayis Yellow (silk) and Dark Grayis Orange (satin).

Keywords:Color Fastness, Fixation Substances, Fabric Types, Purple Sweet Potato