WARFARE UTTERANCES AMONG THE CHARACTERS IN GLEE SEASON 4 TV SERIES: A PSYCHOPRAGMATIC ANALYSIS

Abstract

This research is aimed at identifying the propaganda techniques of the warfare utterances used among the characters in Glee Season 4 TV Series and describing the response of the hearer to the warfare utterances that are shown in the TV Series. The findings of this research were presented in narrative or textual description because the research employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The data of this research were taken from Glee Season 4 TV series which aired on Fox channel in the United States of America from 13 September 2012 to 9 May 2013 consisting of 22 episodes. The data were propaganda or warfare utterances found in the form of words, phrases, clauses and sentences in the context of dialogue of the characters in Glee Season 4 TV series. In order to establish the reliability of the data and to enhance the trustworthiness, triangulation techniques were applied in this research. The results of this research are as follows. (1) Six out of seven propaganda techniques are employed by the characters in Glee Season 4 TV series. They are name-calling, glittering generality, transfer, plain folks, card-stacking and bandwagon. Testimonial employed by none of the characters because there is nothing or no one that is promoted. The most frequently used technique is name-calling because the easiness of finding the ideas to compare the hearer’s appearance to something worse. Furthermore, when the characters employ warfare utterances, they use particular themes in each technique in order to achieve their goal. (2) In Glee Season 4 TV series, the characters employed either a face saving act or face threatening act to respond to the warfare utterances. The responses given to the warfare utterances found can be divided into three types. They are verbal response, non-verbal response, and no-response. All three types of response are found in both face saving act and face threatening act. Face saving act is more desired than face threatening act. This happens because they want to shape public opinion and be recognized as kind, obedient, and avoid causing further problem individuals.

Keywords: propaganda techniques, warfare utterances, response, Glee Season 4 TV Series