PENGARUH JENIS ZAT FIKSASI TERHADAP KETAHANAN LUNTUR WARNA PADA TEKSTIL KATUN, SUTERA, SATIN MENGGUNAKAN ZAT WARNA BIJI BUAH DURIAN (Durio zibethinus Murray) THE EFFECTS OF FIXATIVE TYPES ON COLOR FASTNESS IN COTTON, SILK, AND SATIN TEXTILES USING THE DYE OF DURIAN SEEDS (Durio zibethinus Murray)

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) mengetahui hasil pencelupan pewarna alam biji buah durian dengan
bahan tekstil katun, sutera, satin, (2) mengetahui hasil pencelupan pewarna alam biji buah durian pada bahan
tekstil katun, sutera, satin dengan fiksasi tawas, tunjung, dan tohor, (3) mengetahui pengaruh uji ketahanan
luntur terhadap pencucian pada pencelupan pewarna alam biji buah durian dengan bahan tekstil yang sudah
difiksasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitan true eksperiment dengan desain eksperimen 3x3 faktorial,
dimana tawas adalah A, tunjung adalah B, kapur adalah C dan a tekstil katun, b tekstil sutera, c teksil satin.
Populasi penelitian ini adalah biji buah durian dengan sampel 500 gram yang diekstrak menggunakan air
sebanyak 2500 ml. Teknik pengumpulan data pengujian di laboratorium evaluasi tekstil UII. Analisis data
yang digunakan adalah anova non parametric yaitu uji kruskall wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : (1)
hasil ketahanan luntur warna terhadap gosokan kering dalam kategori baik dan cukup baik (2) hasil
ketahanan luntur warna terhadap gosokan basah, pencucian dan penodaan dalam kategori baik dan cukup, (3)
berdasarkan penentuan lingkar warna RGB pengaruh zat fiksator tawas menghasilkan warna Dense Beige
pada katun, Beige pada sutera dan Young Beige pada satin, tunjung menghasilkan warna Dense Green Army
pada katun, Very Dark Green Army pada sutera dan Young Green Army pada satin dan kapur menghasilkan
warna Dense Brown Orange pada katun, Very Dark Brown Orange pada sutera dan Beige pada satin.
Kata kunci : Biji Buah Durian, Ketahanan Luntur Warna, Fiksasi, Tekstil

The objectives of this study were to find out: (1) the results of the dyeing with a natural dye of
durian seeds with cotton, silk and satin textiles; (2) the results of the dyeing with a natural dye of durian
seeds with cotton, silk and satin textiles with alum, lotus, and lime fixatives; (3) the effects of fastness tests
on washing in the dyeing with a natural dye of durian seeds with textile materials that were fixated. This was
a true experimental study with a 3x3 factorial experimental design, in which alum was A, lotus was B, and
lime was C, and a was the cotton textile, b was the silk textile, and c was the satin textile. The research
population comprised durian seeds of the durio zibethinus murray type with a sample of 500 grams of durian
seeds extracted using 2500 ml of water. The data were collected by testing the color fastness of the dye of
durian seeds by a team of examiners at the textile evaluation laboratory at Islamic University of Indonesia.
The data were analyzed using the non-parametric ANOVA, namely the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results of
the study were as follows. (1) The results of color fastness to dry rubbing were in the good and moderate
categories. (2) The results of color fastness to wet rubbing, washing, and staining were in the good and
moderate categories. (3) Based on the determination of the RGB color wheel, the effect of the alum fixative
produced Dense Beige on cotton, Beige on silk, and Young Beige on satin. The lotus produced Dense Green
Army on cotton, Very Dark Green Army on silk, and Young Green Army on satin. The lime produced Dense
Brown Orange on cotton, Very Dark Brown Orange on silk, and Beige on satin.
Keywords: Durian Seeds, Color Fastness, Fixation, Textiles