THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF ANDREAS, THE MAIN CHARACTER IN HEINRICH BÖLL’S DER ZUG WAR PÜNKTLICH: A FREUDIAN PSYCHOANALYSIS

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to describe the psychological problems of the main character Andreas in Heinrich Böll’s Erzählung Der Zug war pünktlich and how the main character tried to solve his problems through Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis. The data were collected through surveyed, focused, and verified reading. The data analysis occupied descriptive qualitative technique. The validity of the data was obtained through the semantic validity and expert judgement. The reliability of the data was attained through the intrarater and interrater reliability. The study showed that the psychological problems of the main character are war neuroses with symptoms: traumatic events, excessive fear, anxiety, hopeless, suffered and denied love or happiness, and nightmares. The main character tried to solve his problems through defence mechanism, that consist of displacement, rasionalization, regression, and apathetic. Displacement occurred through smoking, rasionalization occurred through willingness to die so his sins can be forgiven, regression occurred through crying like a child, and apathetic occurred through intoxicated so he can be in low state of conscious mind.